Sources Used

 

[1] Wagner-Martin, Linda. A Historical Guide to Ernest Hemingway. Oxford University Press, Oxford. 2000.

 

[2] Calvert, Karen. "Children in the House: The Material Culture of Early Childhood". The Children's Culture Reader. New York University Press, New York and London. 1998.

 

[3] Dawson, Melanie. "The Miniaturizing of Girlhood: Nineteenth-Century Playtime and Gendered Theories of Development". The American Child. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, New Jersey. 2003.

 

[4] Sanford, Marcelline Hemingway. At the Hemingways: A Family Portrait. An Atlantic Monthly Press Book. Little, Brown and Company, Boston. 1961.

[5] Rotundo, Anthony E.. American Manhood: Transformations in Masculinity from the Revolution to the Modern Era. Chapters 2, 3, 4. BasicBooks, a Subsidiary of PerseusBooks, L.L.C.. 1993.

 

[6] The American Boy: 1913-1914. The Sprague Publishing Company in the American Building, Detroit, Michigan. 1914.

 

[7]Grant, Julia. “A “Real Boy” and not a Sissy: Gender, Childhood, and Masculinity, 1890-1940”. Journal of Social History. 2004.

 

General Information:

Reynolds, Michael. The Young Hemingway. Basil Blackwell Limited, Oxford. 1986.

Lania, Leo. Hemingway: A Pictoral Biography. The Viking Press, New York. 1961.

Cappel, Constance. Hemingway in Michigan. Vermont Crossroads Press. 1977.

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